This GCHQ research report dated 20 September 2011, cowritten by researchers at Heilbronn Institute for Mathematical Research based at the University of Bristol, concerns the use of data mining techniques to develop usable intelligence as well as the contradictions that arise from the use of algorithms to identify wrong doers, or potential wrong doers. The […]

This GCHQ presentation from November 2010 shows that the agency was logging 30 billion metadata records per day by that year: see the Intercept article Profiled: From Radio to Porn, British Spies Track Web Users’ Online Identities, 25 September 2015.

This page from GCHQ’s internal GCWiki provides a guide to the NSA’s XKeyScore tool: see the Der Spiegel article The NSA in Germany: Snowden’s Documents Available for Download, 18 June 2014.

This April 2009 report from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence considers the challenges the US intelligence community may face by 2025 and suggests that the competitive advantage of US firms may need to be supported by espionage: see the Intercept article The U.S. Government’s Secret Plans to Spy for American Corporations, 5 […]

This Boundless Informant slide shows the number of phone (DNR) and internet (DNI) records collected day-by-day between 10 December 2012 and 8 January 2013, from NSA’s foreign partners: see the Der Spiegel article Spying Together: Germany’s Deep Cooperation with the NSA, 18 June 2014.

This page from GCHQ’s internal GCWiki, last updated on 1 May 2012 documents progress in a variety of the agency’ projects: see Facing Data Deluge, Secret U.K. Spying Report Warned of Intelligence Failure, 7 June 2016.