This post from internal NSA newsletter SIDToday dated 19 November 2003 provides an early description of FAIRVIEW and STORMBREW, later known as Upstream collection: see the Intercept article Iraqi Insurgents Stymied the NSA and Other Highlights from 263 Internal Agency Reports, 10 August 2016.

This GCHQ presentation from November 2010 shows that the agency was logging 30 billion metadata records per day by that year: see the Intercept article Profiled: From Radio to Porn, British Spies Track Web Users’ Online Identities, 25 September 2015.

This undated NSA document explains how to set up an aspect of the XKeyScore architecture: see the Intercept article XKEYSCORE: NSA’s Google for the World’s Private Communications, 1 July 2015.

This slide from an undated NSA presentation demonstrates how the agency uses email and phone data to analyse the social networks of targets (the “Agent” in the diagram): see the New York Times article N.S.A. Gathers Data on Social Connections of U.S. Citizens, 28 September 2013.

This April 2012 NSA presentation uses an AT&T specific term – Common Backbone or CBB – to refer to the Internet backbone of the corporate partner it codenames FAIRVIEW: see the New York Times article AT&T Helped U.S. Spy on Internet on a Vast Scale, 15 August 2015.

This undated page from GCHQ’s internal GCWiki provides a definition of “event”, the term the agency uses to refer to a metadata record, showing the variety of data collected: see the Intercept article Profiled: From Radio to Porn, British Spies Track Web Users’ Online Identities, 25 September 2015.

This GCHQ spreadsheet from October 2007 provides a guide to the permissibility of using named GCHQ and NSA databases and shows the absence of safeguards against exploiting the metadata of persons located in the UK: see the Intercept article Profiled: From Radio to Porn, British Spies Track Web Users’ Online Identities, 25 September 2015.

This 30 August 2011 post from the NSA internal newsletter SSO Weekly reveals that AT&T (FAIRVIEW) began sending over 1.1bn US mobile phone records to the agency every day: see the New York Times article AT&T Helped U.S. Spy on Internet on a Vast Scale, 15 August 2015.

This undated NSA presentation, presented together with speaking notes, provides an introduction to the main cable access programmes facilitated by the agency’s corporate partners and specifies the relevant SIGADs: see the book No Place to Hide, 13 May 2014.